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How To: Self-Breast Exam

Self-exams are tests that woman can use at home to see if they have breast cancer or any abnormalities in the breast. It is recommended that a woman perform this on herself once a month. The best time to do it is in the shower. Woman should begin doing self-exams at the age of 20 and it is recommended they do them monthly after the menstrual period. It is recommend that a woman gets used to her breasts at a young age so that they can notice any abnormalities as they start testing when they are older because some smaller lumps are normal and they must be able to tell if the lumps are abnormal or cancerous. If they do find abnormal lumps they should be reported to a physician as they could be signs of breast cancer.

• When lying down, the breast tissue spreads out evenly along the chest wall. Place a pillow under your right shoulder and your right arm behind your head. Using your left hand, move the pads of your fingers around your right breast gently in small circular motions covering the entire breast area and armpit. Use light, medium, and firm pressure. Squeeze the nipple; check for discharge and lumps. Repeat these steps for your left breast.
• ​When in the shower, using the pads of your fingers, move around your entire breast in a circular pattern moving from the outside to the center, checking the entire breast and armpit area. Check both breasts each month feeling for any lump, thickening, or hardened knot. Notice any changes and get lumps evaluated by your healthcare provider.
• Visually inspect your breasts with your arms at your sides. Next, raise your arms high overhead. Look for any changes in the contour, any swelling, or dimpling of the skin, or changes in the nipples. Next, rest your palms on your hips and press firmly to flex your chest muscles. Left and right breasts will not exactly match—few women's breasts do, so look for any dimpling, puckering, or changes, particularly on one side​. 

http://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/breast-self-exam

How To: Self-Testicular Exam

Self-exams are tests that a man can do in order to find early signs of testicular cancer. This test should be done often in order to find cancerous tumors before they become serious.​ The best time to do a self-exam is during bath/shower time so that the skin of the scrotum is relaxed. Men between the ages of 15 and 35 are recommended to do this test at least one a month. 

• Hold your penis out of the way and check one testicle at a time.
• Hold the testicle between your thumbs and fingers of both hands and roll it gently between your fingers.
• Look and feel for any hard lumps or smooth rounded bumps or any change in the size, shape, or consistency of the testicles.

What findings should I report to my physician?

• Swelling
• Lumps
• Change in Color
• Pain

​These should all be reported as they may be signs of testicular cancer or other problems related to the male reproductive system.

http://www.cancer.org/cancer/testicularcancer/moreinformation/doihavetesticularcancer/do-i-have-testicular-cancer-self-exam

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Other Wellness Tests to Make Sure You Are Okay (For all ages and genders):

• Regular Check-up: Your doctor may check your weight, how tall you are, blood pressure, and possibly even ask about your diet. this is a routine test that will be done with each doctors visit from adolescence.  
• Cholesterol Testing: This tests the amount of cholesterol a person has. this test should be taken from the age of 20 and older every five years.
• Dental Check-up: This is where a dentist will clean your teeth and look for cavities or any other problem you may have, such as gum disease. 2 visits per year is advised.
• STD Screening: This is when your doctor will test you to make sure that you do not have any life threatening STD's or STD's that must be recorded for public safety. You can begin this testing whenever you become sexually active.

​http://www.cdc.gov/prevention/